Interesting Facts About Cell Phones

Cell phone (telefone celular) is a wireless, portable, long-range, electronic telephone, which during travel can seamlessly change from one antenna connections, radio reception cell to another cell radio reception, without dropping or losing the ongoing call.

Interesting Facts About Cell Phones

Interesting Facts About Cell Phones

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Interesting Facts About Cell Phones

Interesting Facts About Cell Phones

Besides the standard voice function of a telephone, latest cell phones (telefone celular) have features such as SMS for text messages, MMS for multimedia messages, radio, games, internet connectivity for email, browsing, blogging, music (MP3) playback, memo recording, built-in cameras and Camcorders, ringtones, personal organizers, Push-to-Talk (PTT), infrared and Bluetooth connectivity, call registers, streaming video, downloading videos, video call, and also serves as wireless modems for PCs thatcan be connected to the Internet.

The power in a cell phone (telefone celular) is obtained from rechargeable batteries, which can be recharged from the mains, a USB port or a cigarette lighter port in an automobile. Nickel Metal Hydride were the most common types of batteries, which due to the "memory effect" (the user can recharge only when the enTire battery is drained off) were replaced by Lithium-Ion batteries, which did not suffer from any memory effect.

Cell phones (telefone celular) came into existence because of the invention of hexagonal cells in 1947, for the base stations by Bell Labs engineers at at & t. This was further developed during the 1960s by Bell Labs. During a call, the channel frequency could not be changed automatically from one cell (base stationcoverage area) to another cell (base station coverage area) as the person traveled from the area of one cell to the area of another cell. Amos Joel of Bell Labs invented a breakthrough invention and called it as the call handoff ' by which the channel frequency could be changed automatically from one cell to another cell, during the same call, as the mobile user traveled from one cell to another cell. Due to their heavy construction, these phones were used mainly in automobiles.

The first practical cell phone in a non-vehicle setting, and which could be handheld, was invented by Martin Cooper, the General Manager (Communications Division) of Motorola, who made the world's first handheld cell phone (telefone celular) call on April 3, 1973.

The technology bywhich the cell phone (telefone celular) works depends on the mobile phone operator; however, all of them use electromagnetic radio waves, which are in touch with a cell site (base station). The base station is composed of several antennas which are mounted on a pole, tower, or building. Cell sites are spread at a distance of 5 to 8 miles (approx. 8 to 13 miles) from each other. The low power transceiver from the cell phone transmits the voice and data to the nearest cell site. During moveMent, the cell phone will "handoff" the information to other cell site. Mobile phone operators use many technologies to maintain the smooth stream of digitized data from the cell phone to the cell site and vice versa.

The wireless telephone technologies are grouped under heads known asgenerations, starting from zero generation or 0 g. The current generation going on is 4 g; however, there are old cell phones (telefone celular) that still operate on 1 g, 2 g, and 3 g technologies. The wireless telephone technologies used in each generation are as given below:

0 g: PTT, MTS, IMTS, AMTS, OLT, MTD, Autotel/PALM, ARP
1 g: NMT, AMPS/TACS/ETACS, CDPD, Mobitex, Hicap, DataTac
2 g: GSM, iDEN, D-AMPS, IS-95/cdmaOne, PDC, PHS, CSD, HSCSD, GPRS, CDMA2000 1xRTT, WiDEN/IS-2000, EDGE (EGPRS)
3 g: W-CDMA, UMTS (3GSM), FOMA, TD-CDMA/UMTS-TDD, 1xEV-DO/IS-856, TD-SCDMA, GAN (UMA), HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA, HSPA +, E-UTRA
4 g: UMB, UMTS Revision 8 (LTE), WiMAX
Frequency bands: SMR, Cellular, PCS

The impact of cell phone (telefone celular) usage on human health has been ofconsiderable worldwide concern. Research studies in Copenhagen, from the Danish Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, the National Cancer Institute, and the Institute of Cancer Research, do not establish any link between cancer and cell phone usage. However, an intergovernMental agency IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer) forming part of the World Health Organization of the United Nations, undertook a study of 4.500 users and found a statistically significant link between cell phone usage and tumor frequency. Further research is going on.

Cell phone (telefone celular) usage and driving is a common worldwide phenoMenon. Some jurisdictions have banned usage of hand-held phones during driving, but allowed the hands-free fashion of cell phone usage while driving. However,studies have found out that the distraction is caused by the conversation itself; hence, both hand-held and hands-free cell phones contribute towards road traffic accidents. Further studies on cell phone usage and driving are going on.

Nokia Corporation is currently the world's largest manufacturer of cell phones (telefone celular). Other notable cell phone manufacturers, in alphabetical order, are 3 g, Audiovox (now UT Starcom), Benefon, BenQ-Siemens, Fujitsu, High Tech Computer Corporation (HTC), Kyocera, LG, Motorola, NEC, Panasonic (Matsushita Electric), Pantech, Philips, Research In Motion, Sagem, Samsung, Sanyo, Sharp, Siemens, Sierra Wireless, SK Teletech, Sony Ericsson, T & A Alcatel, Toshiba, and Verizon.

Interesting Facts About Cell Phones

Motorcycle Intercoms-How to Choose the Best Motorcycle Intercom For You

Without a motorcycle intercom, motorcycle riding is a solitary experience. When you're riding alone it's a good way to clear your head or get your thoughts together. But if you've got a passenger, or you're riding with another biker, inevitably you'll want to talk to them. Motorcycle intercom systems that mount in your helmet let you do that.

Motorcycle Intercoms-How to Choose the Best Motorcycle Intercom For You

Motorcycle Intercoms-How to Choose the Best Motorcycle Intercom For You

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Motorcycle Intercoms-How to Choose the Best Motorcycle Intercom For You

Motorcycle Intercoms-How to Choose the Best Motorcycle Intercom For You

The problem is that there are so many to choose from in such a wide price range. It's hard to decide which one to choose. And given that motorcycle intercoms have to work in an extremely difficult environMent, choosing the right one can make the difference between enjoying your new purchase or hating it. This motorcycle intercom review will hopefully make your decision easier.

Let's start with a broad overview of the types ofmotorcycle intercoms available.

Acoustic Motorcycle Intercom

The most basic form of motorcycle intercom is the acoustic intercom. By acoustic I mean that it doesn't use electronics at all. It just uses hollow tubes that your voice travels through. They're like the old ships where the captain yells down a tube to the engine room to tell them to "give it more steam."

These systems have rubber-tipped tubes that insert into your ear the same way an earPlug would. There is also a file:trumpet mouthpiece tube for you to talk into and all the tubes connect into a junction box.

One of the positives is that there are no batteries or electronics to mess with. That makes them very dependable. However, there is no amplification which means there is no way to adjust thevolume or Filter out wind noise. So at higher speeds, it will be more difficult to hear. Another problem is that some people find the "earPlugs" uncomfortable in their ears for long periods.

Obviously these acoustic intercoms only work for rider-to-passenger and bike-to-bike.

Wired Motorcycle Helmet Intercom

The next step up is wired intercoms. These systems have wires that run from the rider and passenger into a central control box that houses the electronics and battery.

Just like the acoustic, with a wired intercom system you don't have to worry about any external interference like you do with wireless technologies, unless you add a radio handheld communicator for bike-to-bike talking to your system. Some wired units let you Plug inan FRS/GMRS radio, which is described in the wireless technology section below. The radio requires voice activation for it to work.

One of the issues some people have is that the wiring can be a little bit of a pain. Every time you and a passenger get on and off the bike you have to remember to unplug the units. Depending on how you have it set up, this could be two or three plugs.

Wireless Intercom Technology

There are four types of radio technologies used in the U.S. for motorcycle intercoms. They are GMRS, FRS, FM, and Bluetooth. There are also wired intercoms that enable you to plug into a handheld Citizens Band (CB) radio that has voice activation.

Frequency Modulation (FM) radio is similar tothe FM radio you listen to, but for motorcycle intercoms to narrower frequency is used. Like FM radio, these systems can produce clear sound, as long as the distance between them isn't too great. FM radio works best when there are no obstructions such as hills between the transmitter and receiver. If long range is the most important feature, then GMRS intercoms will provide better performance.

The Family Radio Service (FRS) and General Mobile Radio Service (GMRS) are the modern equivalents to the old walkie talkies you may have had when you were a kid. FRS radios typically have a maximum range of two miles with few obstructions in between, while GRMS radios communicate up to several miles. Like FM, these are publicfrequencies so other people can hear your conversations and vice versa. In some heavily populated areas these FRS/GRMS radios are heavily used, while out on the open road you should have fAirly private conversations.

One nice thing with the FRS and GMRS radios is that you can go to your local discount store and purchase a cheap handheld radio that will communicate with these units. If someone were following you in a car, or they had a wired motorcycle helmet intercom system that lets them plug in an FRS/GMRS handheld radio, they can communicate with you. The downside of this was just Mentioned in that there are millions of these radios out there so in heavily populated areas you'll pick up lots of other transmissions. Also GMRS> radios require an FCC license for legal use.

Bluetooth is the latest technology to hit motorcycle intercoms. Not only can these systems communicate totally wirelessly from rider to passenger, they can be used to communicate from bike to bike. Although with these systems the range is not in miles, it is in hundreds of feet. Since you are likely riding close to your buddies, this is not usually a problem. Although, the range can be as much as 800 to 1600 feet.

The Bluetooth range limitation actually works as an advanTAGe since it limits the amount of outside interference you'll get. Also, since you must program two units to work together, you won't pick up conversations from other people with Bluetooth devices ... and they won't be able to hear you. You won't have to worry aboutyour conversations listened to by anyone else.

If you want Bluetooth wireless communication there is one thing to Watch for. Some units that say they are use FRS or GMRS Bluetooth to communicate bike-to-bike and the Bluetooth is just used to communicate with a Bluetooth enabled cell phone or other device.

Bluetooth intercoms also usually have some other features you won't find on other types of intercoms such as:
Integrated with Bluetooth enabled cell phones and automatically answer calls completely hands free. Enjoy your favorite music from your stereo A2DP enabled cell phone or MP3 player Listen to the audio navigation message from your Bluetooth enabled GPS.

Some Bluetooth intercoms only have one ear Speaker while others have two.

MotorcycleHelmet Intercom Features

Here are features to look for as you are shopping for an intercom to use with your motorcycle helmet:
If you may be riding in the rain, get a system that says it's waterproof and not just water resistant. Some riders will put a water resistant system in a plastic baggie and that works for them. You can get systems that have a headset Speaker for one ear or both ears. Installation and moving the intercom to another helmet is easier for systems with only one ear, but some people want to hear sound in both ears. Most systems have voice activation of some kind to keep the headset quiet when no talking is occurring. This voice activation often has the ability to be disabled and a push-to-talk switch is used instead. Many intercoms have noisereduction capabilities with digital signal processing to help reduce the noise they pick up from the microphone. The Faster you drive, or the windier it is, the more important this feature is. If you want music, look for a system that has a built-in FM stereo radio tuner or an auxiliary stereo input for a Walkman, MP3, iPod, satellite or radio unit. You can also use this input to receive driving directions from a GPS unit yesterday prompted voice. Some systems mount on your helmet, while others have capability to mount on your belt clip or bike. If the system is big and bulky, you may want the ability to mount it on your bike. You can integrate some intercoms with cell phones so you can talk while you ride. They require special cables or you can get motorcycle intercomsthat have Bluetooth capability so they connect to your Bluetooth-enabled phone wirelessly.

Once you find the right motorcycle intercom for you, it will really make your ride with other people much more enjoyable. You'll wonder how you got along without it. You typically get what you pay for when you buy motorcycle intercoms, but even a bad motorcycle intercom is better than none at all.

Motorcycle Intercoms-How to Choose the Best Motorcycle Intercom For You